Egypt more to Blame than Israel for the Outbreak of War...

There are different historical views on what really provoced the war of 1967, the Israelis would clearly blame the Egyptians and point at Nassers agressions as the main provocation leading to the war. Another view is that Nasser did not have the intention to fight Israel at that point, but when the UN troops in the Sinai were withdrawn suprisingly after Nassers demand, Nasser had to make true his big promises to defeat Israel to the other Arab nations. He wanted to keep his reputation as the ultimate leader of the pan-Arabian league and he could only do so by moving his troops towards Israel, which no longer had a protection buffer by the UN troops in the Sinai. Another view is that the Six Day War was the result of Egyptian- Israeli†¦show more content†¦France and Britain had lost their role in the Middle East after 1956, nevertheless, other foregn influences became strong in the area: Soviet-American rivalry dragged the Cold War into the region. Russia hoped that if it wou ld spread its influence in the Middle East, it would be able to break the encirclement around the USSR, which stoped it from spreading. The USA had made pacts to condemn communism from spreading, the Baghdad pact of 1955 included Turkey, Iran, Iraq Pakistan and Britain. By winning over the Arab states, Russia expected to break this belt and be able to take Communism all over the world. Russias interest in the Middle East alarmed the United States, so they started taking an interest themselves in the region, sympathizing most with Israel, due to Egypt being too unpredictable in its loyalities. After 1956 the Israelis were forced to give back all territorial gains and return to the borders agreed in the 1949 armistice, but in received in return the support of the UNEF in the Gaza Strip and the Sinai. Passage through the Gulf of Aqaba was assured by the presence of the UNEF at Sharm al-Sheikh, supported by the US, which guaranteed to step in if the right of international passage was violated. Between 1957 and 1959 Israel could even send cargo ships through the Suez canal, but as soon as controls diminished, NasserShow MoreRelatedForeign Policy of Pakistan from 1947 to 201210146 Words   |  41 Pageseconomic prosperity. Owing to the anarchic nature of the international political system and the absence of a world government, states tend to feel a high degree of insecurity, as there is no guarantee of the security of a state in the system because war is the legitimate instrument of foreign policy of a state. Hence, each state knows that it has to depend on itself for its pres ervation and safety. Self-protection is the sole protection in an essentially anarchical system. The primary objective ofRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA TempleRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesTrade Organization, and the lagging support for some bilateral trade agreements pose additional challenges to global managers and multinational companies. In addition, the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico has renewed calls for corporations to do more to protect the planet and governments to get tougher with companies in terms of oversight and accountability. The advent of social networking and other media has transformed the way citizens interact and how businesses market, promote, and distributeRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesIndustry, tests a reader’s understanding of the main issues inï ¬â€šuencing the competitive position of a number of organisations in the same industry with a relatively short case. For a case that permits a more comprehensive industry analysis The Pharmaceutical Industry could be used. However, if the purpose is more focused – illust rating the use of ‘ï ¬ ve forces’ analysis – the TUI case study or Illustration 2.3 on The Steel Industry could be used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but

Short Story - 825 Words

The smell of thickening, chalky smoke weaved its way into the damaged lungs of the soldiers. The never-ending sense of nausea spiraled, slowly suffocating you. The smoke was a killer on the loose. Rotting corpse lie frozen in time, unaware of the standpoint. A pungent smell mixed with a drop of sickening sweetness compressed waiting for your last breath. Dead rats, squelching mud and the overall sense of darkness, combined forces and created a poisonous, overpowered hurricane of death-eaters. Inescapable stench of deep, rusted iron coiled in the form of khaki, overcast, flying phantoms. The whiff of grounded moss and oxidized metal chased us soaking up into our uniforms, weighing us down. Moss, blood, smoke, death, rain, all waiting for†¦show more content†¦Moans and cries of agony would echo through the battlefield.The screams and shrieks would layer on top of each other. The ear-splitting, ground-shaking, mind-breaking flying bombshells, shuddered through the ground, cau sing a wave of destruction. After every bomb came a silence, a deafening silence. The 2 sides would wait cautiously, waiting for the others to pounce . The birds tweeting could be heard, a pin drop could be heard, and a sigh could be heard but no one could hear chatter. Just utter silence. My tongue were concealed by a blanket of splinters, creating a nest on our mouths. I knew I wasnt the only one who had this because the others were complaining as well. Any speech that came out my mouth was planted into a bubble. A bubble that jammed my speech, making it extremely hard to speak clearly. The food provided was basic and bland. Maconchies meat stew and hard biscuits it was called. It consisted of cows fat and a tomato sauce(with some hard crackers on the side). Some said it tasted like pigs eye mashed with a vegetable, I think it tastes like under cooked beef drenched with a cold tomato sauce. My taste buds went numb because of the splinters but every drop that we actually tasted was a drop of bittersweet reality. I could taste the revolting, rotting, repulsive bile coming out of our friends open wounded bodies after carelessly touchingShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Interventions to Improve Surgical Culture †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Interventions to Improve Surgical Culture. Answer: Introduction Workplace culture refers to the way things are done in an organization and includes shared structures, norms, routines, and rules that offer guidelines and constrain behavior in work communities (Eskola, et al 2016). Values and beliefs are significant as well as legitimate guiding principles of any organization and are considered to be the philosophies and ethical practice rules (Taplay, et al 2014). They signify an institutions most significant aspects and what it is striving for. In most cases, values and beliefs are symbolized by public statements including the vision and mission statements. It is through the workplace culture that beliefs and values are learnt and through relationships with other professionals that a certain workplace culture is reinforced in practice. It is therefore important to get a clarification and comprehension of the underlying beliefs and values for one to understand workplace culture and consecutively develop practice (Eskola, et al 2016). As Taplay, et al (2014) states the values and beliefs in an institution are established over time, they are perceived to be valid, and are transferred to new individuals who enter into the culture. Additionally, the association between workers and work environment ascertains the workplace cultures perception. With regard to health care, it is the workplace culture that qualifies the experts work and care for their clients by replicating a microsystem culture level in which delivery and experience of care occurs (Eskola, et al 2016). A healthcare workplace culture influences the delivery of care that is clinically effective, person-centred, and improving continuously in response to a context that is changing as it influences the behaviors and attitudes of employees. Workplace culture also plays a crucial role in determining whether a certain organization is a healthy and happy place to work. Although in a workplace subcultures exist, overall culture determines the quality of care offered to patients in terms of cultural attitudes towards timeliness, respect, cleanliness, and dignity. As Davies and Nutrey (2008) suggest, some workplace cultures forges an environment where excellence can flourish and others cannot. If for instance employees have an attitude that is conducive to making errors and underperforming the organization itself and the patients will be impacted negatively. On the other hand, employees possessing good personal values about the components of a good healthcare will depict conducive working beha viors that are promote quality care. Leadership plays a significant role in determining the kind of culture in an organization. If a leader, for example, believes and practices the ethos of care that is person-centred and prioritizes the needs of individuals rather than those of the organization it is likely that they will instill the same concepts in other subordinate employees. An efficient culture also offers other benefits. For instance, in the healthcare settings resources are scarce compared to other settings and a culture of waste reduction, efficiency, and financial planning helps to reduce costs . Additionally, a culture of an organization also affects the overall performance of the healthcare institution. As such, a culture of attention to detail, hard work, and efficiency can help improve measures such as survival rates and patient number that receives treatment. Where a toxic culture exists, serious implications for employee well-being and patient outcomes are observed. Such negative cultures may lead to poor retention of employees, high sick leave levels, many medical errors, and low employee psychological empowerment. There are various factors that affect the culture of an organization, including in a health care setting. First is communication as suggested by Bhattacharje (2013). Communication is an important concept in ensuring patient safety. It binds team members together allowing them to act with shared objectives and with coordinated activity. A workplace with effective communication creates a culture of honest and open communication (Sacks, et al 2015). As Dingley, et al states, ineffective communication among care givers is one of the leading causes of patient harm and medical errors. Teamwork also influences the culture of an organization. A culture that supports teamwork between healthcare professionals is important. With regard to person-centered care, interprofessional teamwork required certain aspects to be effective, including cooperation, communication, work climate, respect, and coordination as stated by Korner, et al (2015). Interprofessional teamwork has been shown to improve out comes on patients, health care professionals, and in the organization level (Korner, et al 2015). On the patient level, teamwork of high quality has been positively associated with higher satisfaction, adherence to treatment, improved safety of patient, improved treatment quality, and improved clinical outcomes. on the other hand, health care professionals outcomes contributed by teamwork include higher job satisfaction, enhanced well-being, increased team efficacy, improved mental health, and better team climate (Korner, et al 2015).with regard to organizational level, it results to reduced turnover, higher retention of workforce, and saving in costs (Korner, et al 2015). Therefore, a workplace that supports teamwork is bound to perform well. Effective coordination as suggested by Cropley and Saandrs (2013) is also an essential aspect that can help improve quality of care and reduce cost in healthcare. With regard to provision of person-centred care, care coordination requires effective interaction of healthcare professionals to assume accountability, build relationships, provide patient support, and develop connectivity (Group Health Research Institute, n.d.). Care coordination has been shown to increase care compliance (Rizo, et al 2016). Therefore, a culture with care coordination can be beneficial in many aspects. Person-Centered Framework The person-centered nursing framework by McCormack and McCance (2006) sourced from a blend of two conceptual frameworks. A conceptual framework was developed by McCance to describe caring as perceived by patients and nurses. On the other hand, McCormack developed another conceptual framework that emphasized on person-centred practice from an autonomy study in older people (Manley, McCormarck, and Wilson 2008). The principles in which the two frameworks are based on are consistent with other human science approaches including the core of human choice, freedom, holism, relationships, responsibility, and the essence of space and time (Manley, McCormarck, and Wilson 2008). The resulting person-centred theoretical framework is comprised of four constructs, The first construct is prerequisites, which emphasizes on nurses attributes. They include possessing established interpersonal skills, being competent professionally, organizational commitment, and ability to depict clarity of knowing self, values, and beliefs (Manley, McCormarck, and Wilson 2008). The other domain is environment of care, which emphasizes on the care delivery context. It includes appropriate mix of skills, effective relationships of staff, systems that enhance shared making of decisions, supportive organizational systems, innovation and risk taking potential, and power sharing (Manley, McCormarck, and Wilson 2008). Following is the person-centred process, which emphasizes on care delivery via diverse activities. The five care processes through which it is operationalised includes (a) engagement, (b) working with the beliefs and values of the patient, (c) having sympathetic presence, (d) shared decision making, and (e) holistic physical care (Broderick and Coffey 2012). Lastly is the expected outcomes, which symbolize the results of efficient person-entered nursing. They include patient satisfaction with care, sentiment of well-being, and creation of a therapeutic environment characterized by collaborative decision making and staff relationships, transformational leadership, and supported innovative practices. Health care provision has evolved to patient-centred care (PCC) from utilization of the traditional paternalistic strategy of the care giver/doctor knows best. Under the latter approach health professionals made instructions and prescriptions of treatment with limited input from the patients and their families (Delaney 2017). On the contrary, studies suggest the importance of advocating and endorsing the patients needs where greater emphasis should be placed on individual patients through patient-centered care. Person-centered care is a strategy that emphasizes on development of therapeutic relationship and mutual respect between the healthcare personnel and the patient (Broderick and Coffey 2012). Person-centred nursing respects the beliefs and values of every individual, promotes a connectedness between the healthcare giver and the patient, and is important for quality person-centred care. In professional nurses guidelines person-centred care is a core value and its provision is fo unded on five areas, (a) the vital aspect of knowing the patient and meeting their needs using this information, (b) welcoming the patients family, (c) providing a personalized environment, (d) providing activities that are meaningful, and (e) ensuring flexibility and continuity (Broderick and Coffey 2012). Evidently, person-centred care is entrenched within the holism prototype that takes individuals as physiological and psychosocial whole. Patient-centred care presents with many benefits. Since its emphasis is on communication it ensures shared decision making and collaboration processes as it views the patient as an active participant as opposed to a passive medical process component (Delaney 2017). Additionally, PCC adherence promotes concordance between adherence of patients to treatment and health care professionals plans, increases satisfaction of patients with the offered care, and improves health outcomes. What is more, it allows patients to manage their health better due to the support and information they are provided with (Delaney 2017). As Delaney (2017) emphasizes, the PCC strategy has been shown to significantly reduce the need of patients to access hospitalizations, specialty care, and necessitates minimal pathological investigations. Studies have also shown that PCC adoption in patients health management of chronic conditions leads to an increase in adherence to medications (Delaney 2017). Other benefits of PCC include reducing stress, improving self perception, and increasing empowerment in patients. In practice, the PCC is at the centre of culture change theories and is characterized by certain elements including personhood, nurturing relationships, creation of supportive organizational and physical environment, and maximization of autonomy, choice, and comfort (Jones 2011). When these organizations adopt this approach, the knowledge of the care givers regarding their patients is increased. Additionally, health care professionals discover the kind of activities the patients desires including choices regarding basic care. Further, the frontline care givers should develop the relationship with the parents by determining the patients past accomplishes family, hobbies, and career together with their current desires and current wishes. SCARF Model SCARF is a brain based model that governs a reward or threat response in people and depicts the level of peoples engagement to their environment (Rock 2009). It is composed of five domains which include status, certainty, autonomy, relatedness, and fairness (Tillot, Moxham, and Malsh (2013). According to the model, the brain act in response to behaviors it recognizes as threats or rewards. When a perceived threat is recognized by the neurobiological pathways avoidance becomes the response. On the other hand, when reward pathway is simulated a pleasurable response is observed. In practice, scarf offers a framework for health care leaders to reflect on the characteristics of individuals that result from workplace culture. As such, it allows for identification of factors that may either engage or disengage employees for leaders to implement strategies that promote positive workplace culture. Change of culture in the health care setting is a promising solution that will enable transformation from the traditional approach to the PCC as stated by Doll, et al (2017). However, it is not a one-time occurrence but a journey that progresses through time (Jones 2011). Person-centred principles of care include (a) empowerment of the health care staff, (b) resident care direction and activities, (c) encouragement of shared decision making, and (d) provision of a favorable environment that makes patient to feel at home (by Doll, et al 2017). For healthcare organizations to achieve change in their culture they have to enact a comprehensive change that will affect their mission and vision statements, leadership, culture, and strategy. However, implementation of change has been shown to be challenging with most changes being incremental, small, and planned as opposed to intentional, major, and organizational changes by (Doll, et al 2017). The former is referred to as evolutionary chang e and the latter revolutionary change. Evolutionally change involves reforming the culture by implementing a policy that involves capitalizing on the traditions, working practices, and lessons that have been fruitful to the organization over time (Scott, et al 2013). On the other hand, revolutionary change involves transformation of the existing culture and is appropriate as an intervention for a stagnating culture that necessitates complete overhauling. As Doll, et al (2017) outlines, revolutionary culture is important to the future of nursing. Workplace Culture Change and Management Change management is a dynamic, complex and challenging process, and promoting it is fatiguing and demanding. It involves addressing the complexities accompanied by the process. As Al-Abri (2007) states, it involves assessment, planning, and implementation of operations, strategies, and tactics and ensuring that the change is relevant and worthwhile. With regard to workplace culture, an effective change involves unfreezing old behaviors, establishing the new, and re-freezing them (Al-Abri 2007). It is important for employees to understand the rationale behind a certain change and how they will be influenced to prevent reactions such as anger, insecurities, Every culture change strategy should consider possible hindrances to the purposed change. The major sources of resistance in a health care organization include: The culture of an organization is transmitted and entrenched through a wide range of channels such as established procedures and practices of working including written documentation, professional demarcations, physical spaces, and shift patterns. Therefore, it is impossible for a specific culture change strategy to be able to effectively transform simultaneously all the fronts, necessitating establishment of realistic implementation time frames (Scott, et al 2013). External factors such as stakeholders may also work against internal reform efforts. Therefore, a culture changing strategy should heed the constraints presented by these entities in establishing the behavior, norms, and values of health care givers (Scott, et al 2013). For instance, to change the culture of National Health Service in the UK the influence of external entities that affect internalization of core values must be considered. Such stakeholders include the Royal Medical Colleges (Scott, et al 2013). Since change evokes a sense of loss in most cases reactions to change is expected from professional bodies or individuals (Scott, et al 2013). Therefore, it is important for a change strategy to ensure that a large workforce advocate and work towards achieving the change to avoid failure of the initiatives. Lack of Appropriate Leadership In any transformation in culture leadership plays a significant role to ensure its success or failure. Inadequate leadership has been shown to be a key contributing factor to culture change failure (Scott, et al 2013). As such, integrating both transformational and transactional leadership styles during the change period is necessary. For example, a transactional approach may be employed where the employees who employ patient-centred care are rewarded. At the same time, this approach alone may not be sufficient for employees to embrace the change. Transformational strategies of leadership may be employed to help health care employees cognitive apprehension of what is involved in patient-centered care. Conclusion Therefore, workplace culture plays a crucial role in shaping the behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values of the employees and it guides their acts. It is through the workplace culture that beliefs and values are learnt and through relationships with other professionals that a certain workplace culture is reinforced in practice. Since these beliefs, values, and practices are strongly rooted, it is difficult to change them. Some of the hindrances to successful culture change include complexity of culture, lack of appropriate leadership, lack of ownership, and external influences. Changing the workplace culture is therefore a complex process that necessitates sustained support and input to overcome the hindrances. One of the important and advocated changes in culture in health care settings is the transformation from a traditional approach of care to a person-centred one. Person-centered care is a strategy that emphasizes on development of therapeutic relationship and mutual respect b etween the healthcare personnel and the patient. However, since changing an organizational culture is a long-term process, most health care institutions are yet to integrate the new approach fully. References Al-Abri, R 2007, Managing change in healthcare. Oman Medical Journal. vol 22, no 3, pp 9-10. Bhattacharjee, M 2013, Factors that influence employee culture . Available from https://www.annese.com/blog/bid/220658/6-Key-Factors-that-Influence-Employee-Culture [13October 2017] Broderick, M Coffey, A 2012, Person-centred care in nursing documentation. International Journal of Older People Nursing. Vol 8, n0 4, pp 309-318. Cropley, S Sandrs, ED 2013, Care coordination and the essential role of the nurse Creat Nurse, vol 19, no 4, pp 189-194 Davies, TO Nutley, SM 2008, Organizational culture and quality of health care, BMJ Wuality Safety, vol 9 no 2 Delaney, LJ 2015, Patient-centred care as an approach to improving health care in Australia. Collegian. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2017.02.005 Dingley, C, Derieg, KM Persing, R 2008, Improving patient safety through provider communication strategy enhancements, Advances in Patient Safety: New Directions and Alternative Approaches, vol 3 Doll, GA, Cornelison, CJ, Rath, H, Syme, ML 2017, Actualizing culture change: The Promoting Excellent Alternatives in Kansas Nursing Homes (PEAK 2.0) program. Psychological Services, Vol 14, no 2, PP 307-315. Eskola, S, Roos, M, McCormack, B, Slater, P, Hahtela, N, Suominen, T 2016. Workplace culture among operating room nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. Vol 24, No 6, pp 725-734 Group Health Research Institute n.d, Care coordination model, Improving Chronic Care Org, Available at https://www.improvingchroniccare.org/index.php?p=Care_Coordination_Models=353 [15 October 2017] Jones, CS 2011, Person-centered care. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. Vol 37, no 6, pp 18-23. Korner, M, Wirtz, MA, Bengel, J Goritz, AS 2015, Relationship of organizational culture, teamwork, and job satisfaction in interprofessional teams. BioMed Central Health Service Research. vol 15, pp 243 Kurjenluoma, K., DPhil, B, Slater, P 2017, Workplace culture in psychiatric nursing described by nurses. Scandivanian Journal of Caring Sciences. Manley, K, McCormarck, B, Wilson. V 2008, International practice in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley Sons Rizo, VM, Rowe, JM, Kricke, GS, Krajci, K Golden, R 2016, a care coordination miodel to improve patient health ourcomew, Health Social Work, vol 41, no 3, pp 191-195. Rock, D. 2009.Your brain at work: strategies for overcoming distraction, regaining focus, and working smarter all day long. Pymble, NSW, HarperCollins e-books. https://sclhs.lib.overdrive.com/ContentDetails.htm?ID=DD1DE978-BAD3-4E0E-BB8B-3023D3DE3D00. Sacks, G.D., Shannon, E.M., Dawes, A.J., Rollo, J.C., Nguyen, D.K., Russell, M.M., Ko, C.Y. and Maggard-Gibbons, M.A., 2015. Teamwork, communication and safety climate: a systematic review of interventions to improve surgical culture.BMJ Qual Saf,24(7), pp.458-467. Scott, T, Mannion, R, Davies, HTO., Marshall, M 2013, Implementing culture change in health care: theory and practice. International Journal for Quality Health Care, vol 15, no 2, pp 111-118 Taplay, K., Jack, SM., Baxter, P., Eva, K., Martin, L 2014 Organizational culture shapes the adoption and incorporation of simulation into nursing curricula: a ground theory study. Nursing Research and Practice. Vol 2014. Tillot, S, Moxham, L, Walsh, DK 2013, Encouraging engagement at work to improve retention. Nursing management, vol 19 no 10, pp 10-14

The Stud Versus the Slut free essay sample

Western youth is consumed by a perception of gender roles and addicted to what is acceptable sexually for each female and male. Historical gender rolls, parental guidance, and the media are all leading examples as to how the sexual double standard (SDS) becomes evident in the lives of youth. Further, the negative perception of permissive females, as well as the negative perception of sexually inactive males, affects the social status and peer acceptance of students across the United States. The way sexual behaviors are perceived by gendered peers can be related and analyzed in the movie, Easy A. The scene includes Olive and a gay acquaintance, Brandon, who exit a room after faking a sexual encounter for an audience behind a closed door. From the experience, each character benefits from the sexual double standard as gender norms are bent and sexual expectations are shattered. Literature Review Numerous studies have been conducted on the sexual double standard as related to adolescence. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stud Versus the Slut or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Understanding how the SDS manifests and is perceived by both men and women is crucial in investigating the artifact. Through literary analysis, peer acceptance and relationships, as well as reasons for consistency in the SDS, will be examined. Typically, social norms tend shift as society evolves. For example, norms such as language, style, and ethics have changed regularly over centuries. While some argue that gender norms in contemporary Western society are currently developing, the SDS is an illustration against such claims. Hundreds of years ago, men were persistent on maximizing their offspring. To do so, they impregnated as many women as possible to amplify probability. Women however, focused on quality s opposed to quantity, searching for a stable mate to assist in raising her child (Ratter amp; Riccioli, 2009). Evolutionary psychology may allude to the origin of the sexual double standard. This idea is furthered by gender norms that are instilled in children by parents. According to King, children begin recognizing gender roles as early as 14 months old. He says by the age of four, children have generally embraced stereotypical gender, and pressures to fit into traditional gender roles become most prominent around age nine (as cited in Ratter amp; Riccioli, 2009, p. ). Therefore, the information and lessons a mother conveys to her child in their ripest age will most likely shape their early views on sexual standards. Research has concluded, that in regards to sexual development, mothers are usually more tolerable of their sons’ exploration then that of their daughters’ (Ratter amp; Riccioli, 2009). This intolerance of female sexual maturity is one of the first models of sexual bias seen by youth. When mid adolescence is reached, most will engage in sexual intercourse for the first time during a period of gender role intensification. This phase will continue into high school, where peer acceptance will persist in developing the sexual double standard. An adolescent’s number of sexual partners and their acceptance by peers are dramatically related according to a study done by Kaerger and Staff (2009). The study consisted of 5,944 girls and 5,530 boys across the nation, all ranging from seventh to 12 grade and 12 to 20 years old. Results showed that sexually permissive girls who had slept with eight or more partners had not only fewer friendships than those with no sexual partners, but were less accepted by peers. The correlation between a rising number of sexual partners and peer acceptance is nearly linear for both females and males. However, the male relationship is reversed, peer acceptance is enhanced with permissiveness. Males lacking in sexual experience on the other hand are characterized as having significantly less friends. Although other variables for measuring peer acceptance were tested, such as age, GPA, or participation in athletics, number of sexual partners trumped as most influential. High school popularity then consequently depends on one’s sexual promiscuity, or lack there of. Kaerger’s in depth study epitomizes the SDS and in addition, provides data that may explain why the double standard is not diminishing in spite of gender norms evolving in society. First, Kaerger gives an explanation for the constant SDS using media influences as an example. Female actors in the United States are under relentless scrutiny by society, particularly by young women. To avoid negative stigmas associated with licentious behaviors, actresses must keep their sexual activities secret. This serves as a model for young women. Increasing sexual partners and behaviors frequently poses a higher chance of closet activities being revealed to the public, thus having to endure social reaction. While the actress example deters permissiveness in girls, continuing the SDS, other factors also come into play. Ratter and Riccioli analyzed young women â€Å"talking† about the SDS and how they disliked it (2009). Even though they condemned the â€Å"stud† reputation men receive from promiscuity, the women suggested nothing of resistance or attempt to change norms. Instead, they lamely accepted the SDS as inevitable. Heidi Lyons of Oakland University completed a study in which one focus was the cultural reality of the SDS to adolescence (2011). Lyons discovered that regardless of sexual experience level, young women were by and large aware of key elements to the SDS and conscious that they were held to, â€Å"different normative standards compared to men† (2011). In addition, these women scorned the social labeling process that rewards men for similar behavior that degrades women. Some of the females bashing the gender bias were promiscuous themselves, but provided explanations and disclaimers to their behavior. They furthermore cursed permissive women, identifying a secondary female double standard. Data collected from Kaerger’s study on perceived peer status from strictly male or female perspectives also discovered major discrepancies in the SDS. Research suggested that, â€Å"permissive boys are more likely to gain status from female peers than from male peers†¦female reactions to sexual behavior simultaneously escalate the status of permissive boys and decrease the status of permissive girls† (Kaerger, 2009, p. 156). Therefore, womens desire to model media examples of hiding sexual activity, as well as accepting the SDS instead of refusing it, cause the SDS to continue unwaveringly. The manifestation of the sexual double standard was inevitable due to rooted gender norms and the parental proliferation of gender stereotypes. More recently, the SDS has remained relatively constant because of women’s own perception and double standard. The negative views towards both female and male sexual behaviors, or lack there of, affect the acceptance by peers in Western society. In reference to the artifact, Easy A, the following topics will be used for analysis: * Negative perception of permissive females * Negative perception of inexperienced males * Sex-status association Analysis Easy A, although comedic, includes serious social themes. The largest theme observed in the scene being analyzed is that of the sexual double standard. The negative perception of promiscuous females and conversely the negative perception of inexperienced males by adolescent peers are very apparent in the clip. In addition, sex-status association, or the relationship between sexual activity and social status, is also evident. In Easy A, Olive is the perfect subject to observe in regards to the SDS. First, as Olive exits the room, the crowd of students awaiting her and Brandon outside offer mixed feedback on the supposed â€Å"deed† as distinguished by their gender. Female onlookers immediately sink to a disgusted demeanor when they see the â€Å"slut† exit a room used for sex in a public setting. The previous rumor about losing her virginity is now amplified with an open location sex act, which demonstrated a rapid increase of sexual partners. As Kaerger explained, as number of sexual partners increases, acceptance of peers and number of friends decrease (2009). Olive has become ostracized from her female peers (Perry, 2011). Adversely, male students outside the room now see Olive as a possible â€Å"hook up†. They â€Å"check her out†, but also make fun of her behind her back by performing lewd gestures. Olive leaves the party early, upset, with her self-esteem low. The fact that Olive has not actually partaken in any sexual acts allows the audience to see the degree to which the double standard can reach. Brandon on the other hand, who also did not perform any sexual act, benefits from the SDS. In this scene, Brandon transforms by gaining peer acceptance and friends due to his fake sexual encounter. His popularity will grow according to Kaerger, and have the opposite affect that that of his counterpart. Unlike Olive, as Brandon exits the room he is greeted by nothing but positive responses. Before the stunt, he was subject to extensive bullying and abuse; the false reports create a temporary security from the antagonism he would otherwise face due to his rumored homosexuality and virginity (Zwarg, 2011). Now, he is perceived as a â€Å"stud† by male and female students alike. In his case, the SDS helped him to escape abuse and gain status. Although the general outcomes vary from positive to negative for the pair of Olive and Brandon, they were both successful in helping each other reach status quo (Perry, 2011). As invisible high school students, the duo strived to make names for themselves. Olive demonstrated in the scene that she would embrace her new popularity, whether positive or negative, by continuing to pretend to be sexually promiscuous (Zwarg, 2011). She behaves as the â€Å"popular boy† in Kaerger’s ordering of sexual partnerships and peer status (2009). He refers to the inverse double standard hypothesis in which status increases sexual partnerships as opposed to the other way around. He states, â€Å"unpopular girls would seek peer acceptance through sexual intercourse and popular boys would take advantage of their high status to have sex with many girls† (Kaerger, 2009, p. 159). As previously stated, Olive reverses roles as the only â€Å"popular† student involved in the fake sexual activity. As a result, Brandon, the homosexual, assumes the role of unpopular girl seeking acceptance. By the end of the scene, they both have received the attention and status satisfaction the set forth for. Conclusion In conclusion, Easy A is the romantic comedy that incorporates serious sexual issues that adolescence face in modern, Western society. The sexual double standard is branded on this film, re-defining and shocking viewers with gender role reversals and surprises. Today, youth conforms to perceptions of gender roles and labels others based on what is considered sexually acceptable. â€Å"Sluts† and â€Å"studs† are the vocabulary terms that rule the high school hierarchy and define students as popular, or a nobody. Further research could be done on the subject regarding Brandon’s homosexuality, and if there’s a correlation between same-sex partners and peer status (Kaergar, 2009). Another subject for further study could relate to the location of the high schools studied, and whether their cultural norms affect the way sexual promiscuity is perceived, especially in regards to social status. A final focus of further research could study the long-term affects of adolescent sexual double standard. Whether women that assumed the â€Å"slut† role can, as adults, hold relationships and become successful, and whether men that assumed the â€Å"stud† role can do the same.

Biography of John Adams, 2nd United States President

Biography of John Adams, 2nd United States President John Adams (October 30, 1735–July 4, 1826) served as Americas second president and was one of the founding fathers of the American republic. While his time as president was rife with opposition, he was able to keep the new country out of a war with France. Fast Facts: John Adams Known For: Founding father of the American Revolution and United States; second U.S. President, after George WashingtonBorn: October 30, 1735 in the Massachusetts Bay ColonyParents: John and Susanna Boylston AdamsDied:  July 4, 1826 in Quincy, MassachusettsEducation: Harvard CollegePublished Works: The Autobiography of John AdamsSpouse: Abigail Smith (m. October 25, 1764)Children: Abigail, John Quincy (the sixth president), Charles, and Thomas Boylston Early Life John Adams was born on October 30, 1735, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony to John Adams and his wife Susanna Boylston. The Adams family had been in Massachusetts for five generations, and the elder John was a farmer who had been educated at Harvard and was a deacon at Braintree’s First Congregational Church and a selectman for the town of Braintree. The younger John was the oldest of three children: his brothers were named  Peter Boylston and Elihu. Johns father taught his son to read before sending him to a local school run by their neighbor Mrs. Belcher. John next attended Joseph Cleverlys Latin school and then studied under Joseph Marsh before becoming a student at Harvard College in 1751 at the age of 15, graduating in four years. After leaving Harvard, Adams worked as a teacher but decided instead to take up the law. He trained under Judge James Putnam (1725–1789), another Harvard man, who would eventually serve as attorney general of Massachusetts. Adams was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1758. Marriage and Family On  October 25, 1764, John Adams married  Abigail Smith, the high-spirited daughter of a Brookline minister. She was nine  years younger than Adams, loved reading, and built an abiding and tender relationship with her husband, evidenced by their surviving letters. Together they had six children, four of whom lived to adulthood: Abigail (called Nabby), John Quincy (the sixth president), Charles, and Thomas Boylston. Career Before the Presidency Two of Adams most influential cases were the successful defense of the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre (1770). He defended both the commanding officer, Captain Preston, winning a complete acquittal for him, and his eight soldiers, six of whom were acquitted. The remaining two were found guilty but were able to escape execution by praying the benefit of clergy, a medieval loophole. Never a fan of the British- Adams took the case in the cause of justice- his experiences with the Boston Massacre trials would begin Adams journey towards accepting that the colonies would need to separate from Britain.   From 1770–1774, Adams served in the Massachusetts legislature and was then elected a member of the Continental Congress. He nominated George Washington to be Commander-in-Chief of the army and was part of the committee that worked to draft the Declaration of Independence. Diplomatic Efforts In 1778 during the early days of the war for independence, Adams served as a diplomat to France alongside Benjamin Franklin and Arthur Lee but found himself out of place. He returned to the U.S. and served in the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention before being sent to the Netherlands on another diplomatic mission negotiating trade agreements from 1780 to 1782. From there, he returned to France and with Franklin and John Jay created the Treaty of Paris (1783) officially ending the American Revolution. From 1785–1788 he was the first American minister to visit Great Britain. He later served as vice president to Washington, the nations first president, from 1789 to 1797. Election of 1796 As Washingtons vice president, Adams was the next logical Federalist candidate for the presidency. He was opposed by Thomas Jefferson in a fierce campaign, causing a political rift between the old friends that lasted the rest of their lives. Adams was in favor of a strong national government and felt France was a greater concern to national security than Britain, while Jefferson felt the opposite. At that time, whoever received the most votes became president, and whoever came in second became Vice President. John Adams received 71 electoral votes and Jefferson 68. France and the XYZ Affair One of Adams major accomplishments during his presidency was to keep America out of a war with France and normalize relations between the two countries. When he became president, relations were strained between the United States and France mainly because the French were conducting raids on American ships. In 1797, Adams sent three ministers to try to work things out. The French would not accept them and instead, French Minister Talleyrand sent three men to ask for $250,000 in order to resolve their differences. This event became known as the  XYZ Affair, causing a great public uproar in the United States against France. Adams acted quickly, sending another group of ministers to France to try to preserve the peace. This time they were able to meet and come to an agreement that allowed the U.S. to be protected on the seas in exchange for granting France special trading privileges. During the ramp-up to a possible war, Congress passed the  repressive Alien and Sedition Acts, which consisted of four measures designed to limit immigration and  free speech. Adams used them to censor and repress criticisms against the government- specifically the Federalist Party. Marbury vs. Madison John Adams spent the last few months of his term in office in the new, unfinished mansion in Washington, D.C. that would eventually be called the White House. He did not attend Jeffersons inauguration and instead spent his last hours in office appointing numerous Federalist judges and other officeholders based on the Judiciary Act of 1801. These would be known as the midnight appointments. Jefferson removed many of them, and the  Supreme Court  case  Marbury vs. Madison  (1803) ruled the Judiciary Act was unconstitutional, resulting in the right of  judicial review. Adams was unsuccessful in his bid for reelection, opposed not only by the Democratic-Republicans under Jefferson but also by  Alexander Hamilton. A Federalist, Hamilton actively campaigned against Adams in hopes that vice presidential nominee Thomas Pinckney would win. However, Jefferson won the presidency and Adams retired from politics. Death and Legacy After losing the presidency, John Adams returned home to Quincy, Massachusetts. He spent his time learning, writing his autobiography, and corresponding with old friends. That included mending fences with Thomas Jefferson and beginning a vibrant letter friendship. He lived to see his son John Quincy Adams become president. He died at his home in Quincy on July 4, 1826, within a few hours of the death of Thomas Jefferson. John Adams was an important figure throughout the revolution and the early years of the United States. He and Jefferson were the only two presidents who had been members of the founding fathers and signed the Declaration of Independence. The crisis with France dominated most of his time in office, as he was faced with opposition to actions he took concerning France from both parties. However, his perseverance allowed the fledgling United States to avoid war, giving it more time to build and grow. Sources Adams, John. 1807. The Autobiography of John Adams. Massachusetts Historical Society.Grant, James. John Adams: Party of One. Farrar, New York: Straus and Giroux, 2005.McCullough, David. John Adams. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001.Farrell, James M., and John Adams. John Adamss Autobiography: The Ciceronian Paradigm and the Quest for Fame. The New England Quarterly 62.4 (1989): 505-28.Smith, Page. John Adams, Volume I 1735-1784; Volume II 1784-1826. New York: Doubleday, 1962.John Adams: Biography. John Adams Historical Society 2013.

SAT Modern Hebrew SAT Subject Test Information

SAT Modern Hebrew SAT Subject Test Information    × Ã— ªÃ—” מדב× ¨ × ¢Ã—‘× ¨Ã—™× ª ו×Å"× ªÃ— ¨Ã—’×  × ¢Ã—Å" ב× ¡Ã—™× ¡ × §Ã—‘ו× ¢? If you know how to answer this Hebrew question, then perhaps you better showcase that Hebrew talent and sign up for the SAT Hebrew Subject Test before you apply to the school of your choice. See below. Note: This test is not part of the SAT Reasoning Test, the popular college admissions exam. Nope. This is one of the many SAT Subject Tests, exams designed to showcase your particular talents in all sorts of fields. SAT Hebrew Subject Tests Basics Before you register for this test, here are the basics about your testing conditions: 60 minutes85 multiple-choice questions200-800 points possibleOffered once a year3 types of reading questions   SAT Hebrew Subject Test Skills So, whats on this thing? What kinds of skills are required? Here are the skills youll need in order to master this test.: Using parts of speech appropriatelyUnderstanding basic idiomsSelection of grammatically correct terminologyIdentifying main and supporting ideas, themes, style, tone, and the spatial and temporal settings of a passage. SAT Hebrew Subject Test Question Breakdown The test is broken down into Part A, Part B and Part C. Here are the types of questions those three parts contain: Vocabulary in Context: Approximately 28 questions Here, youll be given a sentence with a blank, and will be asked to choose the correct single-word response from one of four choices listed below. Grammar: Approximately 28 questions These questions provide you with a paragraph filled with blanks. Once you happen upon a blank, youll be asked to fill in that blank with an appropriate response from the choices below. Reading Comprehension: Approximately 34 questions These questions, most of which will be vocalized, will provide you with a passage. Youll be asked a question related to the passage, and will have to choose the correct response from the answer choices. Why Take the SAT Hebrew Subject Test? In some cases, youll need to, especially if youre considering choosing Hebrew, or a Hebrew-related field as a major in college. In other cases, its a great idea to take the Hebrew Subject Test so you can showcase bilingualism, which is a great way to round out an application. It shows the college admissions officers that you have more up your sleeve than your GPA, clubs or sports record. Plus, it can get you out of those entry-level language courses. Bonus! How to Prepare for the SAT Hebrew Subject Test To ace this thing, youll need at 2-4 years in Hebrew during high school, and youll want to take the test as close to the end of or during your most advanced Hebrew class you plan to take. Getting your high school Hebrew teacher to offer you some supplementary materials is always a good idea, too, and practicing speaking Hebrew whenever possible will only aid your test score since this is Modern Hebrew were talking about. Sample SAT Hebrew Subject Test Questions The College Board offers a couple of different places to find sample SAT Modern Hebrew Subject Test sample questions. College Boards Sample Modern Hebrew Practice Test College Boards printable PDF with answers Good Luck!

Ethics (relating to information technology) Essay

Ethics (relating to information technology) - Essay Example An action may be legal but unethical or illegal but ethical." (Any classification of ethics is considered as being the study of particular values and customs of a person or group, and applied ethics are most commonly used in the information technology field. This is an "applied discipline of philosophy that attempts to apply ethical theory to real-life situations. The lines of distinctions between meta-ethics, romantic ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics are often blurrybut it can also depend more on general normative principles, such as possible rights of self-rule and right to life." (Frauenheim, 2006). The applications here are enormous, and the issue of ethics is one of the most major and significant within this. The given article relates very strongly to the issue of ethics then, as it discusses how ethics is presented relating to e-businesses: due to the convenience that is brought to the table by these e-businesses, the issue of ethics changes quite a bit, because now the general public does not have to leave their home and drive anywhere anymore, they can simply access everything that they need from their computer in the comfort of their own home.

Describe the most important events during the period, 1940 to present Essay

Describe the most important events during the period, 1940 to present - Essay Example World War II, which took place from 1939-1945, was the most widespread war in history.It involved the world’s most important nations, who had eventually divided into two alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The Allies consisted of countries such as United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union, while the Axis mainly included Germany, Italy and Japan. It started off by Germany invading Poland, which lead to declaration of war on Germany by France, and Great Britain. Germany responded by invading Norway and Denmark, and then advanced towards France. One of the crucial points in the war was when Germany launched a series if airstrikes against Britain, which came to be known as the Battle of Britain. However, Germany was unable to achieve its objective of gaining control over Britain and was forced to retreat. The acts which took this war to the next level were those of Japan attacking Pearl Harbor, and Germany invading the Soviet Union. Germany had launched a full assault agai nst the Soviet Union, and had managed to capture almost the half of the country. While Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, brought United States into the war, which previously had been following a policy of isolation. The entrance of the United States completely titled the war into the Allies favor. The Germans were defeated in the Soviet Union, and a nuclear attack on Japan on 6th August 1945, brought the war to an end and resulted in the victory of the allies (BBC History). World War II holds immense historical importance. Firstly, it showed that the League of Nations, which was international body required to maintain peace, had failed. This lead to the development of the United Nations, which is an international organization aiming to maintain world peace. Since then United Nations has played its part trying to stop further wars from taking place, and promoting negotiation between opposing countries. Furthermore, the Second World War stopped the spreading of dictatorships in m any areas. Hitler, leader of Germany, was adamant to spread his ideology worldwide and to destroy all democratic institutions. Thus, the war stopped him and his allies from becoming victorious. Moreover, this war showed the whole world, the massive damage that can be done with a nuclear attack, and such attacks should be prevented in future, at all costs. Cold War was another critical event, which took place between the two great powers: United States and the Soviet Union. There was not any direct conflict between the two powers, and was more as a war of ideologies. Several clashes took place between the capitalist and communist forces in different areas of the world, which were backed by United States and the Soviet Union respectively. The origins of the Cold War can be traced back to the Second World War, when United States dropped the atomic bomb on Japan, sending an indirect signal to the Soviet Union, showing their strength and potential. The Soviet Union wanted to expand its e mpire and the communist ideology, while U.S.A felt threatened by these expansionary aims of Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union. The Cold War was a period of tension between the two super powers, and it reached its peak during the events of the Berlin Blockade, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Both the powers almost reached the verge of nuclear war and then pulled back. It ended with the

Avon Rubber Diving Aggressively Into Rebreather Market Essay Example for Free

Avon Rubber Diving Aggressively Into Rebreather Market Essay Rebreathers, the subject of this article, are an exciting new technology. The background and chemistry of rebreathers is quite interesting in that they were largely improved upon and regularly used by a famous American cave diver, Bill Stone, who wanted to more deeply explore underwater cave passages. He demonstrated his rebreather in 1987 to the diving community. They allow a human to breathe for long periods of time either underwater or in a different atmosphere. Through a carefully controlled exothermic reaction in one partition of the device, they essentially â€Å"scrub† exhaled carbon dioxide in order to allow it to be â€Å"rebreathed† in a closed system, hence the name of the equipment (Tabor, 2010). This article, which was just published on June 18th of this year, cites an acquisition and expansion by a company, Avon Rubber P. L. C. , in order to manufacture rebreathing devices. The fact that this article exists highlights the fact that they are fast becoming more widely used and sought-after. One main focal point of the article is the fact that the US Navy has commissioned Avon Rubber for a rebreather device worth an initial estimated $30 million to the company. The article mentions their future uses in diving and military applications, and it’s of note that the company is expanding into several countries to further develop â€Å"respiratory protection system technology† (McNulty, 2013). This article leads this reviewer to think about the exciting future possibilities in exploration that the advancement of rebreather technology will lead to. However, the questions raised, in this reviewer’s eyes, largely have to do with the safety aspects of rebreathers and the social issues surrounding their military use. The knowledge that our military is spending huge sums on rebreathers leads to the questioning of the need for such technology in a military fashion (instead of in an exploratory manner by NASA, for example). The risk factors involved are also rather high, especially as the technology becomes more widely available. An inherent problem with rebreathers is the swift death that can occur from breathing in carbon dioxide that has not been sufficiently â€Å"scrubbed†. As stated in the book Blind Descent, the user has no warning that the air they are breathing is tainted with insufficiently scrubbed CO2. Hopefully, this will be further perfected in advanced versions. Even though there will always be risks involved in their use, the very fact that we have been able to manipulate the chemistry of respiration in such a way is exciting in terms of human scientific advancement.

Loss of Innocence in To Kill a Mockingbird :: Free Essay Writer

Loss of Innocence in To Kill a Mockingbird  Ã‚   "Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first knew it. In rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square."(Lee 9). This environment, as Scout Finch accurately describes, is not conducive to young children, loud noises, and games. But, the Finch children and Dill must occupy themselves in order to avoid boredom. Their surroundings are their boundaries, but in their minds, they have no physical confines. Although the physical "boundaries were Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose's house two doors to the north..., and the Radley Place three doors to the south,"(Lee 11) Jem, Scout, and Dill find ways to use the limits, in conjunction with their imaginations, to amuse themselves. The children are the ones who change the old town and make it full of unexpected events. In the same way as the children, the adults of the novel play games that come from their imaginations and, they themselves are the ones who provide t he fear for everyone in the county to fear. "Maycomb County had recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself"(10). The adults and the children share the fact that they both play games, but a difference also exists between them. The children enact their entertainment, knowing that the games could get violent, but in the end, when the games are over, all the players are able to return home. On the other hand, the adults play their adult games, hurting anyone who does not play by the given rules, and not everyone is fortunate enough to return home. The children pretend to be violent at times but the adults actually are violent. As the children move through the novel, they use these games to develop from their innocence to a level of experience by actualizing the realities of their games through the lives of the adults. Through their own games and through the games of the adults, the children learn values of respect, courage, and understanding. As most children naturally do, Jem, Scout, and their newly-found friend Dill find amusements to make the days pass with excitement. When they first meet Dill, they are beginning the "day's play in the backyard"(11). The implication is that it becomes routine for them to play and that each day brings on a different experience.

A Formula for Success

For people to succeed in life there should be a continuous plan that has to endure all through the process of their lives. Success is a process and not an event. No one has the passion of not succeeding in life but unfortunately few people have the passion to succeed. Success comes in various facets.One can succeed in religious endeavors, business, and relationships and in maintaining health among many other things. All these ways of succeeding require a well calculated plan.The formula for success entails having a vision. Champions get what they want because they know what they want. Vision motivates individuals, driving them to succeed in whatever they do. Therefore it is paramount for an individual to visualize what is successful and strive to get it no matter what. In this sense everyone has an own perception of success. Therefore what one perceives is what they get.People who consistently succeed have a clear and thoughtful strategy. They know what they want to do and when to do it. For strategic planning for success, the plan should be put down in writing. From this plan the input in terms of finance and time should be clearly stated.If it is planning for a health program, for example reducing weight the plan should have a clear and practical measures that will ensure that the aimed goal is accomplished. The time expected to reach the goal has to be also in writing. For instance, if it is to achieve an academic goal, one has to plan bearing in mind the money that needs to be invested and also the time.For someone to be successful in whatever is done there should be passion in the works done. People with passion are energized in whatever they do. If it is in business then one has to invest passionately regardless of the risks involved. For a students to succeed in their academic endeavors they have to study enthusiastically and passionately all the subjects they take.In addition, successful people are always flexible. It is indispensable sometimes for the made plans to go through. So for one to succeed, it is sometimes inevitable to change even the best laid plans. In this case there is the need to be willing to start over and to consider any potential viable alternative.Another step in the formula for success is to take risks. All successful businessmen take very high risks. Most people live in ruts because of the fear to take risks. People who consistently win are willing to get out of their comfort zone and try new things. It is therefore important to be willing to plunge into the unknown and leave behind the safe and unchallenging things.The power of association equally contributes to ones success. Friends reflect the type of people we are. If one is surrounded with people who want to succeed, the individual is bound to succeed.   Bounding with people who have skills, talents and abilities can lead one to succeed in various fields. They enable an individual to emulate them thus unleashing their potential by reacting to the chal lenges shown by friends.After one makes a plan then priorities should be set to ensure that first things are tackled first. The challenges should be managed in a hierarchical manner to ensure that the things to be tackled are handled in the order of priority. The formula for success requires an individual not to spend time on priority number two when number priority one needs attention.Finally, for one to succeed there is the need be conscious and committed to self-management. An individual’s self is the most important resource in achieving their goals. In this case individuals need to manage their mental, physical, emotional and spiritual health.ReferenceSchullar, R. (1988).Success is Never Ending Failure is Never Final. New York: Bantam Books.

Think Like A Man

Think like A Man Battle of the Sexes Think like a Man: Battle of the Sexes â€Å"Don't hate the player, change the game†, this influential quote in Steve Harvers book starts a battle of the sexes in four relationships when the women read it in the movie Think like a Man (2012). The movie exploits different dating stereotypes that lead to conflict and upset the balance of power in romantic relationships. The types of power and different communication climates are all different in reach relationship because of how Steve Harvey says, in his book, to deal with each stereotype the women are dealing with.The women are all willing to listen to Harvey because he has expert power, and was endorsed by Opera which in a way almost gives him designated power as well. They learn how to deal with â€Å"non-committers†, â€Å"dreamers†, â€Å"players†, and â€Å"mama's boys†. However, when the men learn about this book and start to fght back with plays of their own , conflicts arise that can only be resolved with Meta communication rather than strategy. The first battle between the â€Å"non-committer† Jeremy and the â€Å"girl who wants the ring† Kristin begins when Kristin reads that she must â€Å"demand† a proposal in order to get one.They have been dating for seven years so in order to get what she wants Kristin uses the intimacy power she has over Jeremy by forcing him to get rid of his childish collection that he loves. Throughout this conflict Kristin uses disagreeing messages in order to express that she feels Jeremy should grow up. For example, when Kristin redecorates she makes an assertive statement by saying the couch needs to go. Then, as Jeremy refuses to agree she become aggressive as she accents her argument with gestures and a louder tone while reminding him his aunt peed all over it last Christmas.When Jeremy starts to read the book he realizes that he is going to have to present himself as growing up in order to make Kristin happy with him. He does this at first by structuring the conversations to avoid the topic of work, yet later loses control and lies to Kristin about putting in the resume at Neversoft. When Kristin realizes Jeremy nad betrayed ner trust and lied to ner sne moves in witn a triend and practices encounter avoidance in order to suppress her feelings towards Jeremy.After a moment of realization, Jeremy then comes to Kristin when she cannot avoid him and pologizes, he came to the compromise of finally proposing to Kristin in order to her back in his life. Their relationship highlights the natural tendency of progression in interpersonal relationships and the importance of recognition as a couple in the bonding stage. The next battle is between Dominic â€Å"the dreamer† and Lauren â€Å"the woman who is her own man†. Lauren has been unable to find love because she is caught in the emotional fallacy of should when it comes to her men.Whereas Dominic has had trouble finding women who are willing to believe in his dreams and ower their financial expectations in a boyfriend. Lauren first falls for Dominic because he presented himself as a wealthy, successful chef and she saw many tangible rewards in a relationship with him. Steve Harvey warns successful women that they don't need a man to be equal to them in power in order to be happy. So, on their first date the topic of work was avoided by both parties so they would not scare each other away from a relationship.However when Lauren realizes Dominic is a waiter at her company's event her expectations contradicted reality and she became uninterested. Dominic becomes upset when Lauren becomes very impersonal when terminating the relationship which makes Lauren realize that in order to have a deep connection you need intimate meta-communication to make it work. Only after a date with a successful business man does Lauren realize she needed a man that was complementary to her, not simila r and finally makes that clear when disclosing to Dominic her feelings about him.Their relationship highlights the importance of emotional rewards in interpersonal relationships and how the fallacy of perfection can ruin perceptions of significant others. In the battle between Maya â€Å"the 90-day rule girl† and Zeke â€Å"the player† Zeke believes he is in control because of his referent power that he typically has with women. However, because she had gotten her feelings hurt by men like Chris Brown's character who have slept with her yet did not know her name, Maya truly was winning the battle because she had reward power by making Zeke wait 90 days before getting â€Å"the cookie†.These two very different dating stereotypes created the largest clash of power when it came to goals of the relationship. Maya's unwillingness to sleep with Zeke until the 90 days were up made im work harder to figure out the compromise in this situation. Once Zeke gets a hold of t he â€Å"playbook† he realizes that he has to play the part of a loving boyfriend, without realizing that he actually is becoming one. When those â€Å"three magic words† slip out he is no longer Just practicing face work of a boyfriend he actually means it and in return, Maya compromises and â€Å"lets the cookie out of the Jar†.Zeke had been using strategy in order to get what he wanted from Maya, and when she found that out she was hurt because he betrayed the intimacy power she had given him. In rder to fix the problem he needed to be honest about his feelings towards Maya and regain her trust by taking on the role of a serious boyfriend. Their relationship highlights the importance that trust, specifically when it comes to not betraying intimacy, has in maintaining interpersonal relationships.In the battle between â€Å"single mom† Candice and â€Å"mama's boy' Michael there is a lot of outside influence on their relationship. Their conflicts occur when the balance between internal and external dialectical tensions arise. Michael succeeds in the tlrst test when ne is willing to include Candice's son Duke in their activities. However, tensions rise when Michael's mom is unwilling to be nice to Candice and that mother-son relationship seems out of the norm for Candice.She is intimidated by the idea that Michael is so close to his mother and that is why she does not like Candice, this is the fallacy of approval. It is upsetting for Candice that his mother has coercive power over Michael that is allowing him to put Candice in second place behind his mother. Once Michael reads the book and his friends point out to him, even though he is in denial, that he is the â€Å"mama's boy' chapter, Candice starts reappraising her thoughts because they eemed irrational once he changed his mother's caller id in his phone.She started to rationalize the unsettling feelings she had about the mama's boy until she answered his phone one day and fo und out that Michael was lying. In order to get Candice back, Michael needed to show in a big gesture that Candice was the number one women in his life. Their relationship highlights the importance of being a priority to another personal in an interpersonal relationship. The movie Think like a Man expresses dating stereotypes that lead to conflict in romantic relationships. These ifferent stereotypes result in different types of power within the relationships.Kristin and Jeremy highlight the importance of progression in a relationship and the effect of compromise when it comes to meta-communication about the future. Dominic and Lauren explain the concepts of complimentary attraction to others and how expectations and reality often clash while there is conflict in the relationship. Zeke and Maya are examples of the importance of commitment and communication about values of the relationship; they also highlight the necessity of honesty in a erious relationship through meta-communicati on.Candice and Michael represent the struggle between internal and external influences on a relationship and the importance of balancing priorities in interpersonal relationships. All conflict came from dating stereotypes and was influenced by the linear communication model of Steve Harvey's book. This movie is a representation of communication flaws that occur in interpersonal romantic relationships, and the appropriate, effective and ethical ways of reaching a compromise despite all outside influences and stereotypes. Think Like A Man Think like A Man Battle of the Sexes Think like a Man: Battle of the Sexes â€Å"Don't hate the player, change the game†, this influential quote in Steve Harvers book starts a battle of the sexes in four relationships when the women read it in the movie Think like a Man (2012). The movie exploits different dating stereotypes that lead to conflict and upset the balance of power in romantic relationships. The types of power and different communication climates are all different in reach relationship because of how Steve Harvey says, in his book, to deal with each stereotype the women are dealing with.The women are all willing to listen to Harvey because he has expert power, and was endorsed by Opera which in a way almost gives him designated power as well. They learn how to deal with â€Å"non-committers†, â€Å"dreamers†, â€Å"players†, and â€Å"mama's boys†. However, when the men learn about this book and start to fght back with plays of their own , conflicts arise that can only be resolved with Meta communication rather than strategy. The first battle between the â€Å"non-committer† Jeremy and the â€Å"girl who wants the ring† Kristin begins when Kristin reads that she must â€Å"demand† a proposal in order to get one.They have been dating for seven years so in order to get what she wants Kristin uses the intimacy power she has over Jeremy by forcing him to get rid of his childish collection that he loves. Throughout this conflict Kristin uses disagreeing messages in order to express that she feels Jeremy should grow up. For example, when Kristin redecorates she makes an assertive statement by saying the couch needs to go. Then, as Jeremy refuses to agree she become aggressive as she accents her argument with gestures and a louder tone while reminding him his aunt peed all over it last Christmas.When Jeremy starts to read the book he realizes that he is going to have to present himself as growing up in order to make Kristin happy with him. He does this at first by structuring the conversations to avoid the topic of work, yet later loses control and lies to Kristin about putting in the resume at Neversoft. When Kristin realizes Jeremy nad betrayed ner trust and lied to ner sne moves in witn a triend and practices encounter avoidance in order to suppress her feelings towards Jeremy.After a moment of realization, Jeremy then comes to Kristin when she cannot avoid him and pologizes, he came to the compromise of finally proposing to Kristin in order to her back in his life. Their relationship highlights the natural tendency of progression in interpersonal relationships and the importance of recognition as a couple in the bonding stage. The next battle is between Dominic â€Å"the dreamer† and Lauren â€Å"the woman who is her own man†. Lauren has been unable to find love because she is caught in the emotional fallacy of should when it comes to her men.Whereas Dominic has had trouble finding women who are willing to believe in his dreams and ower their financial expectations in a boyfriend. Lauren first falls for Dominic because he presented himself as a wealthy, successful chef and she saw many tangible rewards in a relationship with him. Steve Harvey warns successful women that they don't need a man to be equal to them in power in order to be happy. So, on their first date the topic of work was avoided by both parties so they would not scare each other away from a relationship.However when Lauren realizes Dominic is a waiter at her company's event her expectations contradicted reality and she became uninterested. Dominic becomes upset when Lauren becomes very impersonal when terminating the relationship which makes Lauren realize that in order to have a deep connection you need intimate meta-communication to make it work. Only after a date with a successful business man does Lauren realize she needed a man that was complementary to her, not simila r and finally makes that clear when disclosing to Dominic her feelings about him.Their relationship highlights the importance of emotional rewards in interpersonal relationships and how the fallacy of perfection can ruin perceptions of significant others. In the battle between Maya â€Å"the 90-day rule girl† and Zeke â€Å"the player† Zeke believes he is in control because of his referent power that he typically has with women. However, because she had gotten her feelings hurt by men like Chris Brown's character who have slept with her yet did not know her name, Maya truly was winning the battle because she had reward power by making Zeke wait 90 days before getting â€Å"the cookie†.These two very different dating stereotypes created the largest clash of power when it came to goals of the relationship. Maya's unwillingness to sleep with Zeke until the 90 days were up made im work harder to figure out the compromise in this situation. Once Zeke gets a hold of t he â€Å"playbook† he realizes that he has to play the part of a loving boyfriend, without realizing that he actually is becoming one. When those â€Å"three magic words† slip out he is no longer Just practicing face work of a boyfriend he actually means it and in return, Maya compromises and â€Å"lets the cookie out of the Jar†.Zeke had been using strategy in order to get what he wanted from Maya, and when she found that out she was hurt because he betrayed the intimacy power she had given him. In rder to fix the problem he needed to be honest about his feelings towards Maya and regain her trust by taking on the role of a serious boyfriend. Their relationship highlights the importance that trust, specifically when it comes to not betraying intimacy, has in maintaining interpersonal relationships.In the battle between â€Å"single mom† Candice and â€Å"mama's boy' Michael there is a lot of outside influence on their relationship. Their conflicts occur when the balance between internal and external dialectical tensions arise. Michael succeeds in the tlrst test when ne is willing to include Candice's son Duke in their activities. However, tensions rise when Michael's mom is unwilling to be nice to Candice and that mother-son relationship seems out of the norm for Candice.She is intimidated by the idea that Michael is so close to his mother and that is why she does not like Candice, this is the fallacy of approval. It is upsetting for Candice that his mother has coercive power over Michael that is allowing him to put Candice in second place behind his mother. Once Michael reads the book and his friends point out to him, even though he is in denial, that he is the â€Å"mama's boy' chapter, Candice starts reappraising her thoughts because they eemed irrational once he changed his mother's caller id in his phone.She started to rationalize the unsettling feelings she had about the mama's boy until she answered his phone one day and fo und out that Michael was lying. In order to get Candice back, Michael needed to show in a big gesture that Candice was the number one women in his life. Their relationship highlights the importance of being a priority to another personal in an interpersonal relationship. The movie Think like a Man expresses dating stereotypes that lead to conflict in romantic relationships. These ifferent stereotypes result in different types of power within the relationships.Kristin and Jeremy highlight the importance of progression in a relationship and the effect of compromise when it comes to meta-communication about the future. Dominic and Lauren explain the concepts of complimentary attraction to others and how expectations and reality often clash while there is conflict in the relationship. Zeke and Maya are examples of the importance of commitment and communication about values of the relationship; they also highlight the necessity of honesty in a erious relationship through meta-communicati on.Candice and Michael represent the struggle between internal and external influences on a relationship and the importance of balancing priorities in interpersonal relationships. All conflict came from dating stereotypes and was influenced by the linear communication model of Steve Harvey's book. This movie is a representation of communication flaws that occur in interpersonal romantic relationships, and the appropriate, effective and ethical ways of reaching a compromise despite all outside influences and stereotypes.

The Question of the Distributed Workforce under the Impact of Globalization Tendencies

The Question of the Distributed Workforce under the Impact of Globalization Tendencies The labor environment and the specifics of the employees’ activities at their workplaces are changed significantly under the impact of globalization tendencies which can be discussed as characteristic features of the social and economic development in 21st century.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Question of the Distributed Workforce under the Impact of Globalization Tendencies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Several decades ago, the job of the majority of people was closely associated with that definite workplace where employees could perform their functions as professionals. Thus, the activity of the staff depended on the place where they worked. Today, the situation is often rather opposite to the traditional vision of the occupational activity associated with the certain workplace. Many people have the opportunity to work in the international or foreign companies without leaving their houses. The othe r persons can freely work in the foreign countries to perform effectively as professionals in the definite field. Modern technologies allow the public’s avoiding all the geographical boundaries at their way to the desired work. The distributed workforce influenced by the globalization processes and dependent of the technological progress is characteristic for the modern work environment, and it is significant for forming a new social identity based on the occupational identity. Today, it is typically to refer to the labor market as independent from any boundaries. This vision is the result of the globalization tendencies. Moreover, the globalization process is closely connected with the idea of multiculturalism according to which laborers as the representatives of different cultures and nationalities can work together to complete the project and present the definite result.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your fir st paper with 15% OFF Learn More If several years ago work was often discussed as geographically tied, today a lot of migrations are characteristic for the labor market. Furthermore, this statement is right both for the people’s migrations and for the distribution of work. According to Huws, â€Å"there has thus been a double uprooting- a movement of jobs to people and a movement of people to jobs† (Huws Fixed, Footloose, or Fractured 1). From this point, the mentioned situation created the conditions for the further accent on the distributed workforce as the characteristic feature of the modern labor environment. Huws pays attention to the fact that â€Å"the combination of technological change and globalization is bringing about fundamental changes in who does what work where, when, and how† (Huws Fixed, Footloose, or Fractured 1). That is why, it is important to concentrate not only on the trends of globalization but also on the technological progress as the trigger for the further changes in the field. The technological progress has affected the development of the concept of the distributed workforce significantly. Today, employers pay much attention to the workers’ skills and knowledge without references to their location because it is possible to perform effectively and complete the tasks with the help of many modern technologies and software, being in any part of the world. Thus, according to Huws, the contemporary labor market is divided into fixed jobs and footloose jobs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Question of the Distributed Workforce under the Impact of Globalization Tendencies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Huws accentuates that fixedness is the characteristic of the traditional approach to the organization of work, â€Å"fixedness is the need for physical proximity to a particular spot, because the job directly involves the m aking, mending, cleaning, or moving of physical goods or the delivery of real personal services to people in real time and real space† (Huws Fixed, Footloose, or Fractured 2). However, in the modern world, footloose jobs become more spread because of the potential flexibility of the workers. The accents are made on the quality of the work, but not on the location of the person who has completed it. Many researchers argue that the modern work environment where footloose jobs and the phenomenon of the distributed workforce are prevailing is oriented to employees with the developed IT skills in order to respond to the requirements of the market. Thus, ‘cyberworkers’ influence the social structures in cities based on the principles of employment and â€Å"they may become conduits for spreading the values and cultures of multinational corporations outward into their local communities and down the value chain into supplying companies† (Huws Fixed, Footloose, or F ractured 7). However, the process of migrations and avoiding the occupational boundaries is also characteristic for people who do not work with communication technologies and do not have the developed IT skills. In this case, the general principle of transforming the labor market without references to the geographical boundaries works. In her article â€Å"The Making of a Cybertariat? Virtual Work in a Real World†, Huws states that â€Å"not all the new delocalized work involves technical software skills. In many developing countries there has also been a major growth in lower-skilled clerical work, such as data entry and typing, and in call-centre work† (Huws The Making of a Cybertariat 18). Thus, it is also important to focus on the correlation between the changes in the social structures in cities, in the notion of the social identity based on the concept of the occupational identity, in the public’s attitude toward fixed and footloose jobs as the requirement s of the modern development of the society.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, it is possible to refer to the ideas that the real impact of globalization processes on the labor market is not as positive as the experts claim. The changes in the principles of work distribution brought a lot of changes in the whole system and affected the public in relation to the economic security and guarantees (Cao, Prakash, and Ward 320). Thus, today it is appropriate to use the fixed-term contracts where the terms of the work are rather short. The process is caused by the high level of the market competitiveness, and this situation contributes to creating some problems for employees when it is rather beneficial for employers. However, new tendencies in the organization of work and alternations in the labor market are important for forming a new occupational identity which is based on the more active role of the person’s individualism, developed skills, and high and effective performance. Globalization and the associated processes have led to changing the principles to discuss the work as associated with the certain place and territory. The traditional vision of the question is also inappropriate for the discussion of the social and occupational identities. The era of progressive communication technologies provide people with a lot of opportunities to choose between fixed and footloose jobs according to their own priorities, but not because of the definite national or cultural boundary. Modern employees work in the world without boundaries that is why the distributed workforce is important today to follow all the changes in the economic and labor environment immediately. Moreover, the changes in the understanding of the occupational identity also influenced the particular features of the social identity of those people migrate or live in the cities changed according to the social structures. Cao, Xun, Aseem Prakash, and Michael D. Ward. â€Å"Protecting Jobs in the Age of Globalization: Examining the Relative Salience of Social We lfare and Industrial Subsidies in OECD Countries†. International Studies Quarterly 51.1 (2007): 301–327. Print. Huws, Ursula. â€Å"Fixed, Footloose, or Fractured: Work, Identity, and the Spatial Division of Labor in the Twenty-First Century City†. Monthly Review 57.10 (2006): 1-10. Print. â€Å"The Making of a Cybertariat? Virtual Work in a Real World†. Social Register 37.1 (2001): 1-23. Print.

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Cesar Barone

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Cesar Barone Cesar Barone was a convicted serial rapist and murderer whose preferred victims who were senior-aged women. Even the hardest of criminals found Barone repulsive and his crimes so inhuman and revolting that there was an exception to the rule among the inmates, that in his case, snitching on him was acceptable. Childhood Years Cesar Barone  was born Adolph James Rode on December 4, 1960, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. For the first four years of his life, Barone received loving attention from his parents and his older brother and sister. But soon after turning four, his mother fell in love with another man and left the family. Rodes father worked as a carpenter and struggled to maintain a balance between working and raising three children on his own. It was not long before he had a girlfriend, Brenda, who would often care for the children when Rode had to work. During that time, she developed a special relationship with Jimmy because he was the youngest and because he was the most difficult of three children to discipline. In March 1967, Rode and Brenda married and she seemed to naturally glide into the role of step-mother. She had a good relationship with the two older children, but after caring for Barone for two years, she had developed some real concerns about his development. She told Rode senior that the child needed psychiatric care. Although he agreed, he never made the arrangements. Other than having to deal with disciplinary problems with Barone, life in the Rode home was going along nicely. Rode senior was making more money in his new job as superintendent and the family moved to a new home in an upscale neighborhood. The children enjoyed their own swimming pool and visited Brendas mother regularly at her ranch where there were ponies for the kids to ride. However, life began to sour after Barone started going to school. Brenda received regular calls from Barones teachers in regards to his bad behavior. He was always stealing toys in nursery school. He was expelled from kindergarten because he was such a troublemaker. In the first grade, his behavior grew even worse and he began to threaten the other children, sometimes with knives, other times with lit cigarettes. Barone was so difficult to deal with that that he was banned from coming into the school lunchroom. Brendas attempts to discipline Barone failed. Barones father dealt with his sons problems by making an effort to show him more attention. He would take Barone and his older son Ricky to play golf and attend sporting events. Teen Years By the time Barone reached his early teens, he was out of control. He had become a regular drug user, often smoking pot and downing LSD or snorting cocaine. He regularly shoplifted especially for beer, burglarized nearby homes and harassed his elderly neighbors for money. The pressure in the Rode home became intense, as did the family arguments over how to deal with Barones poor behavior and his obvious lack of respect for Brenda. Unhappy with the situation, Rode and Brenda separated, and Barone got what he had hoped for - Brenda was out of the picture. Without her constantly monitoring his behavior and reporting it all to his father, Barones behavior grew even worse as did his obvious disdain for women. Alice Stock Alice Stock was a 70-year-old retired teacher that lived alone, not far from the neighborhood where the Rodes lived. On the evening of October 5, 1976, Stock called a friend for help. She told her friend that Barone had broken into her home, threatened her with a knife, and demanded that she remove all of her clothing. Frozen in fear, the elderly woman did nothing and Barone left without harming her. Barone was arrested and sentenced to two months and 11 days in a Florida reform school. From Shoplifting to Burglary April 1977 - Barone was questioned and then released after he admitted to burglarizing three homes of elderly women who lived alone.   August 23, 1977 - Barone was arrested on another burglary charge, but released. August 24, 1977 - Barones fingerprints were found inside a home that had been burglarized near the Rodes home. Barone ultimately confessed to nine other burglaries and unlawful entry into two other homes, but only because the detective questioning him agreed not to press charges if Barone was honest. First Prison Sentence Barone, now 17 years old, never faced charges on the multiple burglaries, but he was arrested and charged with burglarizing the house where his fingerprints were found. On December 5, 1977, Barone was sentenced to three years in the Florida State Penitentiary.   At the time, Florida had a system that allowed young, nonviolent offenders to bypass the hardcore state prisons. Instead, Barone was sent to Indian River, a low-level prison that was more like a reformatory and that had liberal parole policies for inmates that adapted to the environment, did their jobs and behaved. At first, Barone appeared to be going along with the program. By the middle of January 1979, he was transferred to a low-security institution and permitted to work outside of the prison. If he continued on as he had been doing, he was looking at being paroled by May 1979, seven months short his three-year sentence. However, it wasnt in Barones design to be good, at least for not long. After being there for a month, Barone was cited for failing to be at his assigned job and also suspicion of stealing money from the job. He was promptly sent back to Indian River and all parole dates were off the table. Barone quickly cleaned up his act again, followed the rules and by November 13, 1979, he was released from prison. A Second Attack on Alice Stock Two weeks after Barone had returned home, Alice Stocks nude body was found in her bedroom. The autopsy report showed she had been beaten, raped, and sodomized with a foreign object. All evidence, although only circumstantial, pointed to Barone. The case remained officially unsolved. No Boundaries In January 1980, Barone and the rest of the Rode family, including the ex-stepmother Brenda, were still mourning the tragic death of Barones older brother Ricky, who had died in a car accident three days after Christmas. Ricky was the proverbial perfect son, a nice young man and a great brother to Barone, despite that they were opposites in every aspect of life. Most anyone who knew the Rodes probably shared a similar thought that the wrong brother had died. According to Brenda, she said as much directly to Barone during the funeral  but instantly regretted it.In an effort to make amends, she gave Barone a car that she no longer needed, a gift he readily accepted. A month later, Barone, now 19 years old, showed up at Brendas home and said he needed to talk and that he was upset about Ricky. She invited him in and although they did talk for awhile, that was not the real intention behind Barones visit. Just as he was about to leave, he viciously attacked Brenda and raped her, telling her he had thought about doing it for years. After the rape, he began to strangle her, but she fought and managed to escape to the bathroom. Barone left after several failed attempts to open the bathroom door. As soon as she felt it was safe to leave the bathroom, Brenda contacted her ex-husband and told him about the attack and showed him the bruises on her neck. Brenda and Rode decided not to call the police. Barones punishment was that he would no longer be part of the Rode family. Their relationship was forever severed. A Call to Mother Around mid-March 1980, Barone was arrested for attempted burglary. If found guilty, he was also going to be in trouble for violating his parole. He called his real mother and she posted his bail.   Mattie Marino Mattie Marino, age 70, was Barones grandmother on his mothers side. On the evening of April 12, 1980, Barone stopped by Matties apartment and said he needed to borrow thread. Then, according to Marino, Barone attacked her, hitting her with his fists and then beating her with a rolling pin. He then choked her and smiled while he applied more pressure. She begged him not to hit her again and he abruptly stopped, took her checkbook and money and left the apartment. Barone was found not guilty of the attempted murder of Marino. However, he was not a free man. His parole had been revoked for the March burglary charges and he went from the courtroom to a jail cell to await his trial that was scheduled for the following August. A Real Prison This Time In August, Barone was found guilty of burglary and sentenced to five years, but this time in a prison for adult criminals. Despite the judges sentence, if he followed the rules, he could be out in two years.   Typically, Barone could not follow rules and in July 1981, with just a little over one year left before being paroled, Barone attempted to escape while working on a highway. He continued to violate prison rules over the next month. This earned him an additional year onto his original sentence. Because of the attempted escape, Barone was moved to another prison.  It was decided that the best place for him was the Marion Correctional Institution. Barone was a trouble maker at Marion, just like he was at the other prisons. His infractions included fighting with other inmates, leaving his assigned work areas, and shouting obscenities at prison employees. He went from being categorized as a medium risk to the next highest level, a close (or high) risk inmate. He was transferred to the Cross City Correctional Institution and his new release date, if he stayed out of trouble, was October 6, 1986. Gladys Dean Gladys Dean was a 59-year-old prison employee that had worked for several years overseeing the prison kitchen. Barone was assigned to cleaning the room where the kitchen garbage was thrown and Dean was his supervisor. On August 23, 1983, Barone physically attacked Dean and tried to remove her clothing, then began to strangle her, but Dean managed to get the upper hand and Barone fled the kitchen. Barone continued to the test the system and during a search of his cell, pieces of a hacksaw were discovered under his mattress. Prison officials decided he was too high risk and at the end of October  1983, he was moved to the Florida State Prison, which was considered in the world of convicted criminals as being hard time. There he received an additional three-year sentence for the attack on Gladys Dean.   Barone was now looking at being in prison until 1993. Had he behaved he could have been out in 1982. This was possibly a wake-up call for Barone. He managed to stay out of trouble and was given a new parole date of April 1991. Ted Bundy During his time at Florida State Prison, Barones work assignment gave him the opportunity to meet and talk with serial killer Ted Bundy who was awaiting execution. Barone, who was in awe of Bundy, took pride in their supposed conversations and he liked to brag to the other inmates about it.   Prison Romance In July 1986, Barone and a woman from Seattle, Washington, 32-year-old Kathi Lockhart, began corresponding through letters. Lockhart had placed an ad in the singles section of the newspaper and Barone had answered it. In his first letter to Lockhart, he described himself as being an Italian from Milan and he inflated his educational background, saying he had studied languages in three different countries. He also added that he had been in the Italian Special Forces. Lockhart found his profile interesting and they continued to write to each other on a regular basis. It was during their correspondence that Barone (who was still going by his birth name, Jimmy Rode) decided to officially change his name to Cesar Barone. He explained to Lockhart that he had always felt that he should have the family name of the people who raised him in Italy.   Lockhart believed all of the lies that Barone fed her and they formed a relationship which was solidified face-to-face in April 1987 when Barone received an early parole date and was released from prison. With nothing left for him in Florida and with a feeling of liberation of having a new name, Barone headed to Seattle.